-
1 ὥρα
ὥρα or [full] ὤρα (B), only in [dialect] Ion. form [full] ὥρη, or [full] ὤρη, some part of a sacrificial victim,Aλάψεται γλῶσσαν, ὀσφῦν δασέαν, ὤρην SIG1037.2
(Milet., iv/iii B.C.); τοὺς Ἴωνας λέγειν φασὶ τὴν κωλῆν ὥρην καὶ ὡραίαν Sch.HQ Od.12.89: but distd. fr. κωλῆ, λάψεται.. κωλῆν ἀντὶ τῆς ὤρης SIGl.c.5; cf. ἄωρος(B). (Perh. cogn. with Lat. sūra.)------------------------------------ὥρα (C), [dialect] Ion. [full] ὥρη, ἡ: [dialect] Ep. gen. pl. ὡράων, [dialect] Ion. ὡρέων: loc. pl. ὥρασι, q. v.A any period, fixed by natural laws and revolutions, whether of the year, month, or day (the sense 'day' is implied in the compd. ἑπτάωρος, q. v.),νυκτός τε ὥραν καὶ μηνὸς καὶ ἐνιαυτοῦ X.Mem. 4.7.4
, cf. E.Alc. 449(lyr.), Pl.R. 527d;τοῦ γνώμονος ἡ σκιὰ ἐπιοῦσα ἐπὶ τὰς γραμμὰς σημαίνει τὰς ὥρας τοῦ ἐνιαυτοῦ καὶ τῆς ἡμέρας IG12(8).240
([place name] Samothrace): but specially,I in Hom., part of the year, season; mostly in pl., the seasons, , 19.152;ἀλλ' ὅτε δὴ μῆνές τε καὶ ἡμέραι ἐξετελεῦντο, ἂψ περιτελλομένου ἔτεος, καὶ ἐπήλυθον ὧραι 11.295
, 14.294;ἀλλ' ὅτε δή ῥ' ἐνιαυτὸς ἔην, περὶ δ' ἔτραπον ὧραι 10.469
, cf. Hes. Th. 58;Διὸς ὧραι Od.24.344
, cf. Pi.O.4.2; , cf. 1.32;δυώδεκα μέρεα δασαμένους τῶν ὡρέων ἐς [τὸν ἐνιαυτόν] Id.2.4
; οὐ μεταλλάσσουσι αἱ ὧραι ib.77;περιτελλομέναις ὥραις S.OT 156
(lyr.); πάσαις ὥραις at all seasons, Id.Fr.592.6 (lyr.), Ar.Av. 696 (anap.);ὧραι ἐτῶν καὶ ἐνιαυτῶν Pl.Lg. 906c
, cf. Smp. 188a, etc.;τῆς.. ὥρας τοῦ ἐνιαυτοῦ ταύτης οὔσης, ἐν ᾗ ἀσθενοῦσιν ἄνθρωποι μάλιστα Th.7.47
; χαλεπὴ ὥ. a bad season, Pl.Prt. 344d;ἀ δ' ὤρα χαλέπα Alc.39
; ἡ ὥ. αὕτη this season, X.Cyn.7.1, cf. 5.6; κατὰ τὰς ὥρας according to the seasons, Arist.GA 786a31;οἱ περὶ τὴν ὥραν χρόνοι Id.Pol. 1335a37
.—Hom. and Hes. distinguish three seasons, and express each by the sg. ὥρη, with a word added to specify each:a spring,ἔαρος.. ὥρη Il.6.148
;ὥρη εἰαρινή 2.471
, 16.643, Od.18.367, etc.; so in Trag. and [dialect] Att., ἦρος ὥρα or ὧραι, Ar.Nu. 1008 (anap.), E.Cyc. 508 (lyr.); ; (lyr.); v. infr. 2.c winter,χείματος ὥρη Hes.Op. 450
;ὥρῃ χειμερίῃ Od.5.485
, Hes.Op. 494; χειμῶνος ὥρᾳ in winter, And.1.137;χιονοβόλος Plu.2.182e
.—A. also names three seasons, Pr. 454sq.; an Egyptian division of the year, acc. to D.S.1.26.—A fourth first appears in Alcm.76, θέρος καὶ χεῖμα κὠπώραν τρίταν καὶ τέτρατον τὸ ϝῆρ; and in Hp.Vict.3.68,χειμών, ἦρ, θέρος, φθινόπωρον; ὥρας φαίνομεν ἡμεῖς ἦρος χειμῶνος ὀπώρας Ar.Av. 709
(anap.); τετράμορφοι ὧραι E(?).Fr. 943 (hex.): later, seven seasons are named,ἔαρ, θέρος, ὀπώρα, φθινόπωρον, σπορητός, χειμών, φυταλιά Gal.17(1).17
.2 esp. prime of the year, springtime,ὅσα φύλλα καὶ ἄνθεα γίγνεται ὥρῃ Od.9.51
, cf. Il.2.468;παρὰ τὴν καθεστηκυῖαν ὥραν Th.4.6
.b in historians, the campaigning season,τὸν τῆς ὥρας εἰς τὸν περίπλουν χρόνον X.HG6.2.13
; esp. in the phrase ὥρα ἔτους, Th.2.52, 6.70, Pl.Phdr. 229a, Lg. 952e, D.50.23, Thphr.CP3.23.2; εἰς ἔτους ὥραν next season, Plu.Per.10.3 the year generally,τῆς ὥρης μέσον θέρος Hdt.8.12
; ἐν τῇ πέρυσιν ὥρᾳ last year, D.56.3; εἰς ὥρας next year, Philem.116, Pl.Ep. 346c, LXX Ge.18.10, AP11.17 (Nicarch.), cf. Plu.Ages.22; also hereafter,E.
IA 122 (lyr.);ἐς τὰς ὥρας τὰς ἑτέρας Ar.Nu. 562
(lyr.);ἐκ τῶν ὡρῶν εἰς τὰς ὥρας Id.Th. 950
(anap.); κἠς ὥρας κἤπειτα next year and for ever, Theoc.15.74; alsoὥραις ἐξ ὡρᾶν Isyll.25
; cf. ὥρασιν.4 in pl., of the climate of a country, as determined by its seasons, Hdt.1.142, cf. 149, 4.199 (here perh. three harvest seasons);τὰς ὥ. κάλλιστα κεκρημένας Id.3.106
; cf. Pl.Criti. 111e, Phd. 111b; climatic conditions, Hdt.2.26.II time of day,νυκτὸς ἐν ὥρῃ h.Merc.67
, 155, 400; αἱ ὧ. τῆς ἡμέρας the times of day, i.e. morning, noon, evening, and night, X.Mem.4.3.4; δι' ὥραν ἡμέρας by the time of day (fixed for meetings), D.Prooem.49, etc.;πᾶσαν ὥ. τῆς ἡμέρας Arist.Mete. 371b31
;μεσονυκτίοις ποθ' ὥραις Anacreont.31.1
: without ἡμέρας orνυκτός, ἑκάστης ἡμέρας μέχρι τρίτου μέρους ὥρας Pl. Lg. 784a
;τῆς ὥρας μικρὸν πρὸ δύντος ἡλίου X.HG7.2.22
; ψευσθεὶς τῆς ὥ. having mistaken the hour, And.1.38; ἐποίησαν ἔξω μέσων νυκτῶν τὴν ὥραν, i.e. they prolonged the day beyond midnight, D.54.26;τῆς ὥρας ἐγίγνετ' ὀψέ Id.21.84
;ὀψίτερον τῆς ὥ. PTeb. 793 xi 12
(ii B. C.); it being late,Plb.
5.8.3;ἤδη ὥρα πολλή Ev.Marc.6.35
; ἄχρι πολλῆς ὥρας till late in the day, D.H.2.54.b duration, interval or lapse of time,μετὰ ἱκανὴν ὥραν τοῦ κατενεχθῆναι τὸν πέλεκυν ἐξακούεται ἡ τῆς πληγῆς φωνή S.E.M.5.69
; length of time, term, Ἄρτεμις ἐννέ' ἐτῶν δεκάδας βίον Ἀρτεμιδώρῳ ἔκχρησεν, τρεῖς δ' ὥραι(date.)ἔτι προσέθηκε Προνοίη IG12(3).1350.3
(Thera, ii B. C.); ἐπὶ πολλὴν ὥ. for a long time, J.AJ8.4.4.2 the νυχθήμερον was prob. first divided into twenty-four hours by Hipparch., ἐν πόσαις ὥραις ἰσημεριναῖς (equinoctial hours) , cf. Ptol.Alm.3.9, 4.9, al.b in ordinary life the day from sunrise to sunset was divided into twelve equal parts called ὧραι ( ὧραι καιρικαί when it was necessary to distinguish them from the ὧραι ἰσημεριναί, v. καιρικός 2 c),ἡμέρα ἡ.. δωδεκάωρος, τουτέστιν ἡ ἀπὸ ἀνατολῆς μέχρι δύσεως S.E.M.10.182
;οὐχὶ δώδεκά εἰσιν ὧραι τῆς ἡμέρας; Ev.Jo.11.9
;ὡράων ἀμφὶ δυωδεκάδι AP9.782
(Paul.Sil.); the time of day was commonly given without the Art.,ὥρᾳ ᾱ PHamb.1.96.3
(ii A. D.),τρίτης ὥρας Plu.Rom.12
; ὀγδόης, ἐνάτης, δεκάτης ὥ., Id.Alex.60, Aem.22, Ant.68, etc.; but we have περὶ τὴν τρίτην ὥραν, περὶ τὴν ἑνδεκάτην, Ev.Matt.20.3,6, beside περὶ ἕκτην καὶ ἐννάτην ὥ. ib.5;χθὲς ὥραν ἑβδόμην Ev.Jo.4.52
, cf. IG5(1).1390.109 (Andania, i B. C.), etc.; ἐρωτᾷ σε Χαιρήμων δειπνῆσαι.. αὔριον, ἥτις ἐστὶν ιε, ἀπὸ ὥρας θ ¯ - to-morrow the 15th at 9 o'clock, POxy.110 (ii A. D.): prov., δωδεκάτης ὥ., as we say 'at the eleventh hour', Plu.Crass.17.cτὰ δυώδεκα μέρεα τῆς ἡμέρης παρὰ Βαβυλωνίων ἔμαθον οἱ Ἕλληνες Hdt. 2.109
; here ἡμέρη means the νυχθήμερον, and the μέρεα were each = 2 ὧραι ἰσημεριναί; these double hours (Assyr. kaš-bu) are called ὧραι by Eudox.,ἥμισυ ζῳδίου.., ὅ ἐστιν ὥρας ἥμισυ Ars14.11
, cf. 16.2; cf.δωδεκάωρος 11
.III Astrol., degree of the zodiac rising at the nativity (cf.ὡρονόμος 11
,ὡροσκόπος 11
), ὥ. μεροποσπόρος, τεκνοσπόρος, Man.4.577, 597; ἐξ ὥρης ἐσορῶν Ζεὺς Ἑρμείην Jupiter in the ascendant in aspect with Mercury, Id.3.186, cf. 32, al.B the fitting time or season for a thing (mostly without Art., even in [dialect] Att.), freq. in Hom. (v. infr.);ὥρα συνάπτει Pi.P.4.247
;ὧραι ἐπειγόμεναι Id.N.4.34
;ὅταν ὥ. ἥκῃ X.Mem.2.1.2
; but with Art.,τῆς ὥ. ἐνθυμεῖσθαι Id.Cyn.8.6
: freq. in later writers,τῆς ὥρας ἐπιγενομένης Plb.2.34.3
, etc.2 c. gen. rei, ὥρη κοίτοιο, μύθων, ὕπνου, the time for bed, tale-telling, or sleep, Od.3.334, 11.379, cf. Hdt.1.10;ὥρη δόρποιο Od.14.407
;περὶ ἀρίστου ὥραν Th.7.81
, X.HG1.1.13;πολυηράτου ἐς γάμου ὥρην Od.15.126
;ἐς γάμου ὥρην ἀπικέσθαι Hdt. 6.61
;γάμων ἔχειν ὥραν D.H.5.32
; so εἰς ἀνδρὸς ὥραν ἥκουσα time for a husband, Pl.Criti. 113d; ὥρη ἀρότου, ἀμήτου, Hes.Op. 460, 575;μέχρι ἀρότου ὥρης IG7.235.3
(Oropus, iv B. C.);καρπῶν ὧραι Ar.Ra. 1034
(anap.);ἡ ὥρα τῆς ὀχείας Arist.HA 509b20
; τοῦ φωλεύειν ib. 579a26, etc.; also ὥραν εἶχον παιδεύεσθαι I was of age to.. Is.9.28.3 ὥρα [ἐστίν] c. inf., it is time to do a thing,ἀλλὰ καὶ ὥρη εὕδειν Od.11.330
, cf. 373; so also in Trag. and [dialect] Att., E.Ph. 1584, Heracl. 288 (anap.), Ar.Ec.30, Pl.Prt. 361e, 362a; soδοκεῖ οὐχ ὥρα εἶναι καθεύδειν X.An.1.3.11
, cf. HG7.2.13 (dub. l.): c. acc. et inf., , cf. S.OT 466 (lyr.): c. dat. et inf., X.Cyr.4.5.1, Pl.Tht. 145b: in these phrases the inf. [tense] pres. is almost universal; the [tense] aor., however, occurs in Od.21.428, S.Aj. 245 (lyr.), Ar.Ach. 393 (where also ἐστί is added to ὥρα, as in Philyll.3, ἀφαιρεῖν ὥρα 'στὶν ἤδη τὰς τραπέζας); and the [tense] pf. inὥρα πεπαῦσθαι Plu.2.728d
: sts. the inf. must be supplied,οὐδέ τί σε χρή, πρὶν ὥρη, καταλέχθαι Od.15.394
, cf. E.El. 112 (lyr.), Ar.Ec. 877; ὥρα κἠς οἶκον (i. e. ἰέναι εἰς οἶκον) Theoc.15.147.4 in various adverb. usages, at the right time,Hdt.
2.2, 8.19, X.Oec.20.16: but τὴν ὥ. at that hour, Hes.Sc. 401; ταύτην τὴν ὥραν at this season, X.Cyn.9.1;[ἡ ἶρις] πᾶσαν ὥραν γίγνεται τῆς ἡμέρας Arist.Mete. 371b31
;δείελον ὥρην παύομαι ἀμήτοιο A.R. 3.417
; ὥραν οὐδενὸς κοινὴν θεῶν at an hour.., A.Eu. 109, cf. E.Ba. 724, Aeschin.1.9; αὐτῆς ὥρας immediately, PMich. in Class.Phil.22.255(iii A. D.); ἐν ὥρῃ in due season, in good time, Od.17.176, Hdt. 1.31, cf. Pi.O.6.28, Ar.V. 242, etc.; also αἰεὶ εἰς ὥρας in successive seasons, Od.9.135; ἐς τὰς ὥρας for all time, Ar.Ra. 382 (lyr. cf. supr. A. 1.3) (hence in an acclamation [ε] ἰς ὥρας πᾶσι τοῖς τὴν πόλιν φιλοῦσιν hurrah for.., POxy.41.29 (iii/iv A. D.));οἱ ὧδε χέζοντες εἰς ὥ. μὴ ἔλθοιεν Milet.2(3)
No.406, cf.ὥρασι; καθ' ὥραν Theoc.18.12
, Plb.1.45.4, cf. 3.93.6, etc.; opp.παρ' ὥρην AP7.534
(Alex.Aet. or Autom.), cf. Plu.2.784b, etc.:—πρὸ τῆς ὥρας X.Oec.20.16
;πρὸ ὥρας Luc.Luct.13
;πρὸ ὥρας τελευτῆσαι IG42(1).84.26
(Epid., i A. D.);πρὶν ὥρας Pi.P.4.43
(cf.πρίν A. 11.4
).II metaph., the spring-time of life, the bloom of youth, Mimn.3.1;ὥραν ἐχούσας A.Supp. 997
, cf. Th.13, 535;παῖδας πρὸς τέρμασιν ὥρας Ar.Av. 705
(anap.);πάντες οἱ ἐν ὥρᾳ Pl.R. 474d
; οὐκ ἐνὥ., = πρεσβύτερος, Id.Phdr. 240d;ἐὰν ἐπὶ ὥρᾳ ᾖ Id.R. 474e
;ἕως ἂν ἐν ὥρᾳ ὦσι Id.Men. 76b
; παυσαμένου τῆς ὥ. prob. in Id.Phdr. 234a;ἀνθεῖν ἐν ὥ. Id.R. 475a
;τὴν ὥ. διαφυλάξαι ἄβατον τοῖς πονηροῖς Isoc.10.58
; λήγειν ὥρας, opp. ἀνθεῖν, Pl.Alc.1.131e;ἑς ἐπιγινόμενόν τι τέλος, οἷον τοῖς ἀκμαίοις ἡ ὥρα Arist.EN 1174b33
, cf. 1157a8.2 freq. involving an idea of beauty,φεῦ φεῦ τῆς ὥρας τοῦ κάλλους Ar.Av. 1724
(lyr.);ὥρᾳ.. ἡλικίας λαμπρός Th.6.54
;κάλλει καὶ ὥρᾳ διενεγκόντες Aeschin.1.134
, cf. ib.158;καλὸς ὥρᾳ τε κεκραμένος Pi.O.10(11).104
, cf. X.Mem. 2.1.22, Pl.Lg. 837b; quaestum corpore facere,Plu.
Tim..14, cf. X.Mem..1.6.13, Smp.8.21;τὴν ὥ. πεπωληκότες Phld.Rh.1.344
S.:—then,b generally, beauty, grace, elegance of style, D.H.Pomp.2, Plu.2.874b, etc.;γλυκύτης καὶ ὥ. Hermog.Id.2.3
, cf. Men.Rh.p.335 S., Him.Or.1.2; of beauty in general,χάρις καὶ ὥρα Plu.2.128d
.III = τὰ ὡραῖα, the produce of the season, fruits of the year,ἀπὸ τῆς ὥρας ἐτρέφοντο X.HG2.1.1
.C personified, αἱὯραι, the Hours, keepers of heaven's cloudgate, Il.5.749, 8.393; and ministers of the gods, ib. 433;Ζεῦ, τεαὶ.. Ὧραι Pi.O.4.2
; esp. of Aphrodite, h.Hom.6.5,12; also Ὧ. Διονυσιάδες, Καρνειάδες, Simon.148, Call.Ap.87; three in number, Eunomia, Dike, Eirene, daughters of Zeus and Themis, Hes.Th. 901;Ωραι πολυάνθεμοι Pi.O.13.17
, cf. Alex.261.6, Theoc.1.150, etc.: freq. joined with the Χάριτες, h.Ap. 194, Hes.Op.75; worshipped at Athens, Paus.9.35.1; at Argos, Id.2.20.5; at Attaleia, BMus.Inscr. 1044 (i B. C.). -
2 κεράννυμι
Grammatical information: v.Meaning: `mix, mix up' esp. of wine with water, `temper' (of the climate etc.) (Com., Hyp.)Other forms: also κεραννύω (Com., Hyp.), κεραίω (Ι 203, Delph. Va), κεράω (Od.; subj. κέρωνται Δ 260), κίρνημι, - νάω (Od.), aor. κεράσ(σ)αι (Il.), also ( ἐπι-)κρῆσαι (η 164, Hp.), pass. κρᾱθῆναι, κρηθῆναι (IA), also κερασθῆναι (Att.), perf. med. κέκρᾱμαι, - κρη- (Sapph., Pi., IA), also κεκέρασμαι (Arist.), fut. κερῶ (Att.), κεράσω (Them.), pass. κρᾱθήσομαι (Att.),Dialectal forms: Myc. karateraCompounds: also with prefix, esp. συν-Derivatives: A. Of κρᾱ- ( κρη-): 1. κρᾶσις, κρῆσις ( σύγκρ. etc.) `mix' (IA) with *κρᾱσίον \> ModGr. κρασί `wine' (Kretschmer Glotta 15, 64f., Hatzidakis ib. 139f.; on the meaning of κρᾶσις s. Den Dulk Κρᾶσις. Bijdrage tot de Grieksche Lexicographie. Diss. Leiden 1934). 2. κρᾶμα (rarely also κράμμα after βάμμα a. o.), Ion. κρῆμα `mix, alloy', also `mixed wine' (Ion. hell.) with κραμάτιον (Dsc.) and κραμ(μ)άτινος `consisting of an alloy' (pap.). 3. κρᾱτήρ, κρητήρ m. "mixer", `mixing bowl', also metaph., `Krater' (Il.; on the meaning Brommer Herm. 77, 359 a. 366) with κρατηρία `id.' (Dsc.; Scheller Oxytonierung 54) and the diminutiva κρατήριον, κρη- (Hp.), κρατηρ-ίδιον (Boeot., J.), - ίσκος (Delos IIIa, Ath.); κρατηρίζω "drink a bowl", `intoxicate oneself' (Sophr., D.; cf. Wackernagel Glotta 14, 52f. = Kl. Schr. 2, 860f.). 4. compounds like ἄ-κρᾱ-τος (- η-) `unmixed' (Il.), αὑτο-κρη-ής "mixed with itself", i. e. `unmixed' (Nic. Al. 163), αὑτό-κρας `id.' (Poll.). - B. Of κερᾰ-: κατα-κέρασις `mixing (with water)' (Arist.), κέρασμα `id.' (hell.), συγ-κερασμός `id.' (gloss.), κεραστός ( εὑ-, ἐγ-κέρ.) `mixed' (D. H., Plu., APl.), κεραστής `mixer' (Orph.), ἐπι-, κατα-κεραστικός `causing a (real) mix' (medic.), μετά-κερας adj. n. `tempered, lukewarm' (Com.), αὑτό-κερας, also as adv. `unmixed' (Poll., Phryn.; cf. αὑτοκρηής). S. also on 2. ἀκήρατος. In the meaning `unxed' ( οἶνος; Dsc. 5, 6, 10) ἀκέραιος is a reinterpretation of ἀκέραιος `undamaged'; s. on 1. ἀκήρατος.Origin: IE [Indo-European] [582] *ḱerh₂- `mix;Etymology: With the verbal adjective (ἄ)-κρᾱτος agrees Skt ptc. ā́-śīr-ta- `mixed'; both Gr. κρᾱ-, κρη- and Skt. śīr- represent the zero grade of a disyll. root. This root is seen in κερά-σαι (beside analogical κεράσ-σαι); (there is no Skt. *á-śari-ṣam). Nasal presents are Skt. śrī-ṇā́-ti and κίρ-νη-μι; both forms however are renewed or reshaped. An IE. *ḱr-nā-ti should have been Skt. *śr̥-ṇā́-ti (seen in the homonymous word for `break'), and Gr. *κάρ-νη-σι; the ι in κίρνημι is rather innovation after the reduplicating presents τίθημι, γίγνομαι etc. than old reduced grade. - To old κερά-σαι came the innovations κεραίω, κεράω, κεράννυμι (Schwyzer 676, 681, 697) just like κερῶ, κεράσω, κερασθῆναι, κεκέρασμαι (both with analogical σ); old(er) were κρᾱ-θῆναι, κέ-κρᾱ-μαι (like βλη-θῆναι, βέ-βλη-μαι a. o.). - Another system is provided by Oldiranian in the also semantically deviating Av. sar- `unite' (which must perhaps be separated; Gonda Acta Or. 14, 201; s. also Wackernagel-Debrunner KZ 67, 174 = Kl. Schr. 1, 390) - Further Pok. 582.Page in Frisk: 1,824-825Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > κεράννυμι
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3 οὐρανός
οὐρᾰνός, ὁ, [dialect] Dor. and [dialect] Boeot. [full] ὠρανός Alcm.23.16, Theoc.2.147, 5.144, Corinn.Supp.2.79, Hymn.Is.19; [dialect] Aeol. [full] ὄρανος (Aὀράνω Sapph.37
, 64, Alc.34, butὠράνω Sapph.1.11
(s. v.l.), Alc.17 (s. v.l.), and v. Οὐρανία): —never used in pl. by classical writers, v. 1.4: (v. fin.):I heaven: in Hom. and Hes.,1 vault or firmament of heaven, sky,γαῖα.. ἐγείνατο ἶσον ἑαυτῇ οὐρανὸν ἀστερόεντα, ἵνα μιν περὶ πάντα καλύπτοι Hes.Th. 127
;ἔχει δέ τε κίονας αὐτὸς [Ἄτλας] μακράς, αἳ γαῖάν τε καὶ οὐρανὸν ἀμφὶς ἔχουσι Od.1.54
, cf. A.Pr. 351;χάλκεος Il.17.425
;πολύχαλκος 5.504
, Od.3.2;σιδήρεος 15.329
; wrapped in clouds, Il.15.192, Od.5.303; above the aether, Il.2.458, 17.425, 19.351, cf. Sch.Il.3.3; even Emp. continued to regard it as solid ([etym.] στερέμνιον), Placit.2.11.2 (Vorsokr. ip.209); defined as αἰθέρος τὸ ἔσχατον by Zeno Stoic.1.33, cf. Ar.Nu.95 sqq.; ἠέλιος δὲ οὐρανοῦ ἐξαπόλωλε, of an eclipse, Od.20.357, cf. S.Aj. 845;ἐν δὲ τὰ τείρεα πάντα, τά τ' οὐρανὸς ἐστεφάνωται Il.18.485
;Ἕσπερος, ὃς κάλλιστος ἐν οὐρανῷ ἵσταται ἀστήρ 22.318
;οὐρανὸς ἀστερόεις 6.108
,al.2 heaven, as the seat of the gods, outside or above this skyey vault, the portion of Zeus (v. Ὄλυμπος), 15.192, cf.Od.1.67, etc.;οὐ. Οὔλυμπός τε Il.1.497
, 8.394; Οὔλυμ πός τε καὶ οὐ. 19.128; πύλαι οὐρανοῦ Heaven-gate, i. e. a thick cloud, which the Ὧραι lifted and put down like a trap-door, 5.749, 8.393; so, later, οἱ ἐξ οὐρανοῦ the gods of heaven, A.Pr. 897 (lyr.); οἱ ἐν οὐρανῷ θεοί (viz. Sun, etc.) Pl.R. 508a;εὔχετο, χεῖρ' ὀρέγων εἰς οὐ. ἀστερόεντα Il.15.371
, Od.9.527; νὴ τὸν οὐ. Ar.Pl. 267, 366.3 in common language, sky,οὐδέ τις ἄλλη φαίνετο γαιάων, ἀλλ' οὐ. ἠδὲ θάλασσα Od.14.302
;σέλας δ' εἰς οὐ. ἵκῃ Il.8.509
; κλέος οὐρανὸν ἵκει, κλέος οὐ. εὐρὺν ἱκάνει, renown reaches to heaven, ib. 192, Od.19.108; so ὀρυμαγδός, κνίση, σκόπελος οὐρανὸν ἷκεν or ἱκάνει, Il.17.425, 1.317, Od.12.73 (cf.οὐράνιος 11
, οὐρανομήκης): metaph., ὕβρις τε βίη τε σιδήρεον οὐ. ἵκει deeds of violence 'cry to heaven', 15.329, 17.565;γῇ τε κοὐρανῷ λέξαι.. τύχας E.Med.57
, cf. Philem.79.1; πρὸς οὐρανὸν βιβάζειν τι to exalt to heaven, SOC381; πρὸς τὸν οὐ. ἥλλοντο leaped up on high, X.Cyr.1.4.11;πρὸς τὸν οὐ. βλέπειν Id.Oec.19.9
.4 in Philos., the heavens, universe, Pl.Plt. 269d, Ti. 32b, Arist.Cael. 278b21, Metaph. 990a20, al.: pl. in VT, οἱ οὐρανοί the heavens, LXX Ps.96(97).6, 148.4,al.5 a region of heaven, climate, Hdt.1.142.6 Pythag. name of 10, Theol.Ar. 59.1 vaulted roof or ceiling, Hsch.4 tent, pavilion, Them.Or.13.166b.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > οὐρανός
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4 ἀνίημι
ἀνίημι, ης (ἀνιεῖς, as if from ἀνιέω, dub. in Il.5.880), ησι: [tense] impf. ἀνίην, Hom. and [dialect] Att. 2 and [ per.] 3sg. εις, ει, [dialect] Ion. [ per.] 3sg.A (Abu Simbel, vi B. C., Iterat. ; alsoἠνίει Hp.Epid.7.46
; [ per.] 1sg.ἀνίειν Luc.Cat.4
: [tense] fut. ἀνήσω: [tense] pf. ἀνεῖκα: [tense] aor. 1 ἀνῆκα; [dialect] Ion. ἀνέηκα.:—the Homeric formsἀνέσει Od.18.265
, [tense] aor. opt.ἀνέσαιμι 14.209
, part.ἀνέσαντες 13.657
should be referred to ἀνέζω, butἄνεσαν Il.21.537
is from ἀνίημι: [tense] aor. 2, [ per.] 3pl.ἀνεῖσαν Th.5.32
, imper. , S.Ant. 1101, E.Hel. 442, subj. , [dialect] Ep. [ per.] 3sg. subj.ἀνήη Il.2.34
, opt. ἀνείη, inf. ἀνεῖναι, part. ἀνείς:—[voice] Pass., ἀνίεμαι: [tense] pf.ἀνεῖμαι Hdt.2.65
, A.Th. 413, [ per.] 3pl. [tense] pf.ἀνέωνται Hdt.2.165
(v.l. ἀνέονται), inf. ἀνἑῶσθαι (sic) Tab.Heracl.1.153: [tense] aor. part. e: [tense] fut.ἀνεθήσομαι Th.8.63
. [ ἀνῐ- [dialect] Ep., ἀνῑ- [dialect] Att.: but even Hom. has ἀνῑει, ἀνῑέμενος, and we find ἀνῐησιν in Pl.Com.153 (anap.).]: — send up or forth,Ζεφύροιο.. ἀήτας Ὠκεανὸς ἀνίησιν Od.4.568
; of Charybdis,τρὶς μὲν γάρ τ' ἀνίησιν.. τρὶς δ' ἀναροιβδεῖ 12.105
;ἀφρὸν ἀ.
spew up, vomit,A.
Eu. 183;σταγόνας [αἵματος] ἀ. S.OT 1277
; of the earth, καρπὸν ἀ. make corn or fruit spring up, h.Cer.333; ; also of the gods,ἀ. ἄροτον γῆς S.OT 270
, etc.; so of females, produce, ib. 1405:—in [voice] Pass., : then in various relations,συὸς χρῆμα ἀ. S.Fr. 401
; ; of a forest,πῦρ καὶ φλόγα Th.2.77
;πνεῦμ' ἀνεὶς ἐκ πνευμόνων E.Or. 277
:— send up from the grave or nether world, A.Pers. 650, Ar.Ra. 1462, Phryn.Com.1 D., Pl.Cra. 403e, etc.:— [voice] Pass., ἐκ γῆς κάτωθεν ἀνίεται ὁ πλοῦτος ibid.; of fruit, Thphr.CP5.1.5.II let go, from Hom. downwds. a very common sense, ἐμὲ δὲ γλυκὺς ὕπνος ἀνῆκεν, i.e. left me, Il.2.71, etc., cf. Pl.Prt. 310d: —[voice] Pass., wake up,D.S.
17.56; set free,ἐκ στέγης ἀ. S.Ant. 1101
; let go unpunished,ἄνδρα τὴν ὀλιγαρχίαν λυμαινόμενον X.HG2.3.51
, cf. Lys.13.93; ἄνετέ μ' ἄνετε leave me alone, forbear, S.El. 229 (lyr.); of a state of mind,ἐμὲ δ' οὐδ' ὣς θυμὸν ἀνίει.. ὀδύνη Il. 15.24
;ὅταν μ' ἀνῇ νόσος μανίας E.Or. 227
;ὥς μιν ὁ οἶνος ἀνῆκε Hdt.1.213
, etc.; ἀ. ἵππον to let him go (by slackening the rein), S.El. 721;ἵππους εἰς τάχος ἀ. X.Eq.Mag.3.2
;τῷ δήμῳ τὰς ἡνίας ἀ. Plu.Per. 11
.b loosen, unfasten,δεσμόν Od.8.359
(v.l. δεσμῶν); δεσμά τ' ἀνεῖσαι Call.Hec.1.2.13
: hence, open,πύλας ἄνεσαν Il.21.537
;ἀ. θύρετρα E.Ba. 448
; ἀ. σήμαντρα break the seal, Id.IA 325:—[voice] Pass.,πύλαι ἀνειμέναι D.H.10.14
.2 ἀ. τινί let loose at one, slip at,ἀ. τὰς κύνας X.Cyn.7.7
: henceἄφρονα τοῦτον ἀνέντες Il.5.761
, cf. 880: c. acc. et inf., Διομήδεα μαργαίνειν ἀνέηκεν ib. 882: generally, set on or urge to do a thing, c. inf., , cf. 17.425, Il.2.276, 5.422: freq. c. acc. pers. only, let loose, excite, asοὐδέ κε Τηλέμαχον.. ῷδ' ἀνιείης Od.2.185
;μέγας δέ σε θυμὸς ἀνῆκεν Il.7.25
; τοῖσιν μὲν Θρασυμήδεα δῖον ἀνῆκεν urged Thrasymedes to their aid, 17.705:—so in [voice] Pass.,ἅπας κίνδυνος ἀνεῖται σοφίας Ar.Nu. 955
.3 ἀ. τινὰ πρός τι to let go for any purpose,τὸν λεὼν.. ἀνεῖναι πρὸς ἔργα τε καὶ θυσίας Hdt.2.129
; ἐς παιγνίην ἑωυτὸν ἀ. ib. 173;τὰ μικρὰ εἰς τύχην ἀνείς E.Fr. 974
(v.l. ἀφείς); τὰ σώματα ἐπὶ ῥᾳδιουργίαν X.Cyr.7.5.75
; ἐὰν δ' ἀνῇς, ὕβριστον χρῆμα κἀκόλαστον [γυνή] if you leave her free, Pl.Com.98.4 let, allow, c. acc. et inf., ;ἀ. τρίχας αὔξεσθαι Hdt.2.36
, cf. 4.175: with inf. omitted,ἀνεῖσα πένθει κόμαν E. Ph. 323
; ἀ. στολίδος κροκόεσσαν τρυφάν ib. 1491;κόμας Plu.Lys.1
: c. dat. pers. et inf., ἀνεὶς αὐτῷ θηρᾶν having given him leave to hunt, X.Cyr.4.6.3.5 [voice] Med., loosen, undo, c. acc., κόλπον ἀνιεμένη baring her breast, Il.22.80; αἶγας ἀνιέμενοι stripping or flaying goats, Od.2.300; soἀνεῖτο λαγόνας E.El. 826
; so in [voice] Act., ἀνιέναι· δέρειν, Hsch.6 let go free, leave untilled, of ground dedicated to a god,τέμενος ἀνῆκεν ἅπαν Th.4.116
;ἀργὸν παντάπασι τὸ χωρίον ἀνιέντες τῷ θεῷ Plu.Publ.8
; generally,τὴν χώραν ἀ. μηλόβοτον Isoc.14.31
;ἀρούρας ἀσπόρους ἀ. Thphr.HP8.11.9
; allowed to run wild, Ge.49.21:—but this sense mostly in [voice] Pass., devote oneself, give oneself up,ἐς τὸ ἐλεύθερον Hdt.7.103
; esp. of animals dedicated to a god, which are let range at large (cf. ἄνετος), ἀνεῖται τὰ θηρία Id.2.65
; of a person devoted to the gods, ; of places, etc.,θεοῖσιν ἀ. δένδρεα Call. Cer.47
; ἄλσος ἀνειμένον a consecrated grove, cj. in Pl.Lg. 761c; of land,ἀ. εἰς νομάς PTeb.60.8
,72.36 (ii B.C.): hence metaph., ἀνειμένος εἴς τι devoted to a thing, wholly engaged in it, e.g.ἐς τὸν πόλεμον Hdt.2.167
; ἀνέωνται ἐς τὸ μάχιμον they are given up to military service, ib. 165; ἐς τὸ κέρδος λῆμ' ἀνειμένον given up to.., E.Heracl. 3: hence [tense] pf. part. [voice] Pass. ἀνειμένος as Adj., going free, left to one's own will and pleasure, at large, S.Ant. 579, El. 516;ἀ. τι χρῆμα πρεσβυτῶν γένος καὶ δυσφύλακτον E.Andr. 727
; πέπλοι ἀνειμένοι let hang loose, ib. 598; τὸ εἰς ἀδικίαν καὶ πλεονεξίαν -μένον unrestrained propensity to.., Plu.Num.16;σώματα πρὸς πᾶσαν ἐπιθυμίαν ἀνειμένα Id.Lyc.10
.7 slacken, relax, opp. ἐπιτείνω or ἐντείνω, of a bow or stringed instrument, unstring, as Hdt.3.22, cf. Pl.R. 442a, Ly. 209b, X.Mem.3.10.7, etc.; esp. of musical scales, ἁρμονίαι ἀνειμέναι, opp. σύντονοι, Arist.Pol. 1342b22, al.; ἀνειμένα Ἰαστὶ μοῦσα Pratin.Lyr.5: metaph.,ὀργῆς ὀλίγον τὸν κόλλοπ' ἀ. Ar.V. 574
, cf. Pherecr.145.4, Pl.R. 410e;πολιτεῖαι ἀνειμέναι καὶ μαλακαί Arist.Pol. 1290a28
; ; ἀνειμένη τάσις the grave accent, Sch.D.T.p.130H.;οἱ πάγοι τὰς φλόγας ἀ.
temper,Arist.
Mu. 397b2: hence,b remit, neglect, give up,στέρνων ἀραγμούς S.OC 1608
;φυλακὰς ἀνῆκα E.Supp. 1042
; φυλακήν, ἄσκησιν, etc., Th.4.27, X.Cyr.7.5.70, etc.; ἀ. θάνατόν τινι to remit sentence of death to one, let one live, E.Andr. 531;ἔχθρας, κολάσεις τισί Plu.2.536a
; ἀ. τὰ χρέα, τὰς καταδίκας, Id.Sol.15, D.C.64.8, cf. 72.2; ἄνες λόγον speak more mildly, E.Hel. 442; soἀ. τινὸς ἔχθραν Th.3.10
; ἀ. ἀρχήν, πόλεμον, etc., Id.1.76, 7.18, etc.:—[voice] Pass., to be treated remissly,ἀνεθήσεται τὰ πράγματα Id.8.63
; has become effete, powerless,E.
Or. 941: freq. in [tense] pf. part. ἀνειμένος as an Adj., ἐν τῷ ἀνειμένῳ τῆς γνώμης when their minds are not strung up for action, Th.5.9; ἀνειμένῃ τῇ διαίτῃ relaxed, unconstrained, of the Athenians, Id.1.6; δίαιτα λίαν ἀ., of the Ephors, Arist.Pol. 1270b32;ἀ. ἡδοναί
dissolute,Pl.
R. 573a; ἄνανδρος καὶ λίαν ἀ. ib. 549d;ἀ. χείλεα
parched,Theoc.
22.63; of climate,ἀ. καὶ μαλακός Thphr.CP5.4.4
;ὀσμὴ μαλακὴ καὶ ἀ. 5.7.1
: [comp] Comp.ἀνειμενώτερος Iamb.VP15.67
:—but,8 the sense of relaxation occurs also as an intr. usage of the [voice] Act., slacken, abate, of the wind,ἐπειδὰν πνεῦμ' ἀνῇ S.Ph. 639
, cf. Hdt.2.113, 4.152;ἕως ἀνῇ τὸ πῆμα S.Ph. 764
, cf. Hdt.1.94; ἐμφῦσα οὐκ ἀνίει, of a viper, having fastened on him she does not let go, Id.3.109: esp. in phrase οὐδὲν ἀνιέναι not to give way at all, X.HG2.3.46, cf. Cyr.1.4.22; τὰς τιμὰς ἀνεικέναι ἤκουον that prices had fallen, D.56.25, cf. Arist.Rh. 1390a15; σιδήρια ἀ. ἐν τοῖς μαλακοῖς lose their edge, Thphr.HP5.5.1.b c. part., give up or cease doing, ὕων οὐκ ἀνίει [ὁ θεός] Hdt.4.28, cf. 125, 2.121.β, E.IT 318, etc.c c. gen., cease from a thing, ; , D.21.186;φιλονικίας Th.5.32
; ἀνῆκε τοῦ ἐξελθεῖν forbore to come forth, LXX 1 Ki.23.13.9 dilute, dissolve, διά τινος or τινί, Gal.13.520, al., Gp.4.7.3, cf. Arr.An.7.20.5 (Phryn.19 says that διΐημι is more correct in this sense);διυγραινομένων καὶ ἀνιεμένων Thphr.Vent.58
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5 νείφει
Grammatical information: v.Meaning: `it snows' (Il.).Other forms: Aor. νεῖψαι, νειφθῆναι, fut. νείψει. Cf. νίφ-α f. acc. sg. `(falling) snow' (Hes. Op. 535).Compounds: Sometimes with prefix, e.g. κατα-. Compp., e.g. νιφ-ό-βολος `snow-covered' (Ar., E.), ἀγά-ννιφ-ος `with much snow' (A 420, Σ 186, Epich.; Sommer Nominalkomp. 64).Derivatives: 1. νιφ-άδες pl., also sg. νιφ-άς, - άδος f. `snow-flake, snowstorm' (Il., Pi., trag.), as adj. `rich in snow' (S.); 2. νιφ-ετός m. `falling snow, snowstorm' (Il., Arist.; Schwyzer 501, Fraenkel Nom. ag. 1, 51 n.1; to be rejected Porzig Satzinhalte 245) with νιφετ-ώδης `connected with snow-fall' (Arist., Plb.); -- 3. νιφ-όεις `snowy, rich in snow' (Il.; on the formation Debrunner Άντίδωρον 28 f.).Etymology: The high-grade thematic root-present νείφει (νῑφέμεν M 280 wrong for νειφ-; Wackernagel Unt. 75), from which the other Greek verbal forms come, agrees with Av. snaēža- (e.g. subj. snaēžāt̃), OHG OE snīwan, Lith. sniẽg-a, -ti, perh. also Lat. nivit (only Pacuv., prob. ī), IE * sneigʷʰ-( eti ` it snows'; beside it with zero grade, also thematic, OIr. snigid `it drops, rains' (on the meaning below). A nasal present is found in Lat. ninguit = Lith. sniñga (: νείφει like linquō: λείπω, s.v.). Further, in meaning deviating, the zero-grade Skt. yotpresent sníhyati `gets wet, sticky', metaph. `finds affection', with sneha- `stickyness, affection etc.', with a shift of meaning from the mild climate as in Celtic (s. above); comparable in Greek, e.g. Nonn. D. 22, 283 αἵματι νείφεις of sticky blood, Lyc. 876 ὀμβρία νιφάς of rain-shower. Diff. Benveniste Μνήμης χάριν 1, 35 ff.: orig. meaning of IE * sneigʷʰ- `clot (together)'; thus Gonda KZ 72, 228 ff. One traces of the meaning `snow' in Mind. (Prākr. siṇeha- `snow' etc.) Turner BSOAS 18, 449ff. and 19, 375; s. Mayrhofer A.I.O.N. 1, 235). The noun acc. νίφ-α (nom. νιφετός, νιφάς, χιών; cf. Schwyzer 584) is identical with Lat. nix, nivis; IE * snigʷʰ-s ( ἀγά-ννιφ-ος \< *- snigʷʰ-); with dental enlargement (cf. νιφετός, but not identical) OIr. snechte `snow'; here prob. also νίβα χιόνα H. as Illyrian, Krahe IF 58, 133. Besides the o-stem IE * snoigʷho-s in Germ., e.g. Goth. snaiws, NHG Schnee, Slav., e.g. OCS sněgъ a.o. -- More forms in WP. 2, 695, Pok. 974, W.-Hofmann s. ninguit etc.Page in Frisk: 2,Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > νείφει
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6 κρᾶσις
A mixing, blending of things which form a compound, as wine and water, opp. mechanical mixture (defined as an εἶδος μίξεως in which the constituents are liquids, Arist.Top. 122b26, cf. Stoic.2.153; περὶ κράσεως, title of work by Alex.Aphr.): first in A.,τὴν δευτέραν γε κ. ἥρωσιν νέμω Fr.55
, cf. Staphyl.9, Ath.10.426b (pl.); κράσεις ἠπίων ἀκεσμάτων modes of compounding.., A. Pr. 482;ἡ τῶν ἐναντίων κ. Pl. Lg. 889c
;τὴν τῶν νεύρων φύσιν ἐξ ὀστοῦ καὶ σαρκὸς κράσεως.. συνεκεράσατο Id.Ti. 74d
;ἐκ κράσεως πρὸς ἄλληλα Id.Tht. 152d
;τὴν ἁρμονίαν κ. καὶ σύνθεσιν ἐναντίων εἶναι Arist. de An. 407b31
;χρωμάτων ἀκριβὴς κ. Luc.Zeux.5
, cf. Arist.Col. 792a4.2 temperature of the air, κρᾶσιν ὑγρὰν οὐκ ἔχων [αἰθήρ] E.Fr.779.2; τὰς ὥρας κ. ἔχειν τοιαύτην ὥστε .. Pl.Phd. 111b, cf. Poll.6.178; ἡ κ. τῶν ὡρέων temperate climate, Hp. Aër.12; ὅσα περὶ κράσεις climates, Arist.Pr.lib.xivtit.3 temperament, of the body or mind, κ. σώματος ib. 871a24, cf. 953a30; διανοίας ib. 909a17; κ. μελαγχολική ib. 954b8: pl.,αἱ τῶν σωμάτων κράσιες Ti.Locr.103a
, cf. Plot.3.1.6: so in Medic., Hp.Nat.Hom.4, etc.; περὶ κράσεων, title of work by Galen. -
7 σύγκρασις
A mixing together, commixture, blending, tempering, Hp.VM24, E.Fr.21.4, Pl. Phlb. 64d, etc.;ἡ σ. τῶν χρωμάτων Id.Plt. 277c
; τῶν στοιχείων (heat and cold) Asclep. ap. Placit.5.21.2; ἥ τε ἐς τοὺς ὀλίγους καὶ τοὺς πολλοὺς ξ. blending of oligarchy with democracy, Th.8.97; ἡ.. ὑγρότης μὴ φέρουσα τὴν πρὸς τὸ φῶς ς. Plu.Arat.10; of friendship, Id.Ant.31, BCH49.483 (Delph.); of bodily constitution or temperament, Ptol.Tetr.8,10.b Astrol., combination of influence of heavenly bodies, Herm. ap. Stob.1.49.3, Ptol. Tetr.83, 121, Man.2.400.c ἡ σ. τοῦ ἔτους the temperature or climate, Dsc.1 Praef.7.II mixture, compound, οὐ θνητὸς οὐδ' ἀθάνατος, ἀλλ' ἔχων τινὰ ς. but compounded so to say of both, Alex.240.2; τὸν καιρὸν.. τῆς σ., i.e. the moment when the dish is neither too hot nor too cold, Id.173.10; τὴν τοῦ βίου ς. Men.685.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > σύγκρασις
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8 εὔκρατος
A well-tempered, temperate, E.Fr. 772;ἐγκέφαλος Democr.
ap. Thphr.Sens.56; ; ; ; of countries, D.S.1.10;τόποι Ath.Med.
ap. Orib.9.12.5 ([comp] Sup.);οἰκήσεις Plb.34.1.8
([comp] Comp.);οἶκος Aret.CA1.1
; of the temperate zone, Stoic.2.195, etc.; μεῖξις Chrysipp.ib.219; of liquids, tempered, lukewarm,ὕδωρ IG5(1).1390.108
([place name] Andania), cf. Gal.6.101, etc.; of wine, mixed for drinking, Arist.Pr. 874a28.2 metaph., temperate, mild, ;τὸ εὔ. τοῦ ἤθους M.Ant.1.15
;Κύπρις AP 6.208
(Antip.Thess.): in Astrol., of beneficent planetary in fluences, Gal.9.911.3 in Lit. Crit., εὔ. ἁρμονία, ἑρμηνεία, mixed style, D.H. Comp.21 (v.l. κοινή), Dem.3;συνθήκη ὀνομάτων Luc.Hist.Conscr. 46
.II of persons, εὔκρητοι πρὸς ἅπαντας (cf. εὐκράς (A) 3) Hp. Decent.3.III Adv. - τως temperately, ἀνδρείως καὶ εὐ. Phld.Herc. 1251.14; temperately, Gal.1.342.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > εὔκρατος
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9 μαλακός
A soft:I of things subject to touch,εὐνή Il.9
. 618;κώεα Od.3.38
;τάπης μαλακοῦ ἐρίοιο 4.124
;χιτών Il.2.42
, PSI 4.364.5 (iii B.C.);πέπλοι Il.24.796
; νειὸς μ. fresh-ploughed fallow, 18.541; λειμῶνες μ. soft grassy meadows, Od.5.72, cf. Il.14.349;πόας ἄνθος Sapph.54
;τάπητες.. -ώτεροι ὕπνω Theoc.15.125
; of the skin or flesh,μ. παρειαί S.Ant. 783
(lyr.); (anap.);σώματα X.Mem.3.10.1
; πρόβατα μ. soft-fleeced, D.47.52; τόποι πεδινοὶ καὶ μ., opp. hard, rugged ground, Arist.HA 607a10; οἱ κρημνοὶ οἱ μ. ib. 615b31;μ. πέτρα SIG970.8
(iii B.C.), PPetr.2p.6 (iii B.C.); μ. τέφρα a slow fire, Ph.Bel.89.36; soμ. πῦρ Androm.
ap. Gal.13.26;μ. ἀνθρακιά Dsc.2.76
; ὕδωρ μ., of marsh water, A.Fr.192.8 (anap.), Pl.Ti. 59d (cf. μαλθακός); of soil, X.Oec.19.8, Pl.Criti. 111b. Adv., μαλακῶς ἐνεύδειν, εὑδέμεναι, to sleep softly, i.e. on soft bedding, Od. 3.350, 24.255;μαλακώτατα καθεύδειν X.Mem.2.1.24
; καθίζου μ. sit softly, i.e. on a cushion, Ar.Eq. 785;ὑποστορεῖτε μ. τῷ κυνί Eub.90
, cf. 108; but ὡς μ. ἐσθίεις what dainty food you have! Thphr.Char.2.10.2 μαλακά (sc. σκεύη), τά, household utensils, Men.Per.Fr.3, Diph.19.II of things not subject to touch, gentle,θάνατος Od. 18.202
;ὕπνος Il.10.2
;κῶμα 14.359
; μ. ἔπεα soft, fair words, 1.582, 6.337;λόγοι Od.1.56
;ἐπαοιδαί Pi.P.3.51
;παρηγορίαι A.Ag.95
(anap.);αὖραι X.Oec.20.18
; μ. βλέμμα tender, youthful looks, Ar. Pl. 1022;μαλακὰ φρονέων ἐσλοῖς Pi.N.4.95
; μ. οἶνος mild, Arist.Pr. 873b34; μ. [φωνή] soft, Id.Aud. 803a8 ([comp] Comp.); of scent, faint, delicate, Thphr.HP6.7.4; of climate, mild, ib.6.8.1. Adv.μαλακῶς, αὐλεῖν Arist.Aud. 803a20
;ἐὰν τὰ σκληρὰ μ. λέγηται Id.Rh. 1408b9
.III of persons or modes of life, soft, mild, gentle, μαλακώτερος ἀμφαφάασθαι easier to handle, of a fallen hero, Il.22.373;ἐκ τῶν μ. χώρων μ. ἄνδρας γίνεσθαι Hdt.9.122
; -;ἀρνίου -ώτερος Philippid.29
; -ώτερον τὸ ἦθος τὸ τῶν θηλειῶν Arist.HA 608a25
;ἀρρένων καὶ μ. ἠθῶν καὶ πράξεων Phld.Mus.p.92
K.2 in bad sense, soft,μ. ἐν τῇ ξυναγωγῇ τοῦ πολέμου Th.2.18
;μ. ἦν περὶ τοῦ μισθοῦ Id.8.29
;πρὸς τὸ πονεῖν X.Mem.1.2.2
. Adv. -κῶς, ξυμμαχεῖν Th.6.78
; - ωτέρως ἀνθήπτετο attacked him somewhat feebly, Id.8.50;μ. φιλεῖν X.Mem.3.11.10
.b faint-hearted, cowardly, Th.6.13, X. HG4.5.16 ([comp] Comp.), etc.c morally weak, lacking in self-control, Hdt.7.153 ([comp] Comp.);ἀντίκειται τῷ μ. ὁ καρτερικός Arist.EN 1150a33
: c. inf., ;τὸ τρυφῶν καὶ μ. Ar.V. 1455
(lyr.); μ. οὐδὲν ἐνδιδόναι not to give in from weakness or want of spirit, Hdt.3.51, 105, Ar.Pl. 488; τὰ μ. indulgences, Epich.288, cf. X.Cyr.7.2.28.d = παθητικός, PHib.1.54.11 (iii B.C.), 1 Ep.Cor.6.9, Vett.Val.113.22, D.L.7.173.e of music, soft, effeminate,μ. ἁρμονίαι Pl.R. 398e
, 411a, cf. Arist.Pol. 1290a28; tuned to a low pitch, opp.σύντονος, χρῶμα μ. Cleonid.Harm.7
, etc.f of style, feeble,τὸ -ώτερον καὶ ταπεινότερον Phld.Rh.1.197
S.g of reasoning, weak, loose,λόγος Isoc.12.4
([comp] Comp.), cf. 5.149 ([comp] Comp.);λόγος λίαν μ. Arist.Metaph. 1090b8
. Adv. -κῶς, συλλογίζεσθαι to reason loosely, Id.Rh. 1396b1 ([comp] Comp.);ἀποδεικνύειν -ώτερον Id.Metaph. 1025b13
.3 weakly, sickly, - κῶς ἔχειν to be ill, Hermipp.58, Ps.-Hdt. Vit.Hom.34, Luc.DDeor.9.1; -κῶς διάκειται PCair.Zen.263.3
(iii B.C.).IV Adv. - κῶς, v. supr. I, II, III.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > μαλακός
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